Gene expression occurs in two essential steps: transcription and translation. In bacteria, the
two processes are tightly coupled in time and space, and highly regulated. Tight regulation …

Highlights•SynBio needs chassis with superior genetic, biochemical, and physiological
traits.•Environmental bacteria are endowed with many advantageous metabolic properties.• …

Spatial organization is a hallmark of all living systems. Even bacteria, the smallest forms of
cellular life, display defined shapes and complex internal organization, showcasing a highly …

How genomes are organized within cells and how the 3D architecture of a genome
influences cellular functions are significant questions in biology. A bacterial genomic DNA …

As with all organisms that must organize and condense their DNA to fit within the limited
volume of a cell or a nucleus, mammalian mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is packaged into …

Genome architecture has proven to be critical in determining gene regulation across almost
all domains of life. While many of the key components and mechanisms of eukaryotic …

The genomes of all organisms throughout the tree of life are compacted and organized in
chromatin by association of chromatin proteins. Eukaryotic genomes encode histones, which …

Decades of research have probed the interplay between chromatin (genomic DNA
associated with proteins and RNAs) and transcription by RNA polymerase (RNAP) in all …

Bacteria frequently need to adapt to altered environmental conditions. Adaptation requires
changes in gene expression, often mediated by global regulators of transcription. The …

Microbial cells have developed sophisticated multicomponent structures and machineries to
govern basic cellular processes, such as chromosome segregation, gene expression, cell …