The pharynx is a neuromuscular pump at the anterior end of the alimentary tract. It is made
up of 20 muscle cells, 20 neurons, and 20 other cells. Pharyngeal activity correlates with …

The development of therapeutic interventions for diseases necessitates a crucial step known
as drug screening, wherein potential substances with medicinal properties are rigorously …

To track and control self-location, animals integrate their movements through space.
Representations of self-location are observed in the mammalian hippocampal formation, but …

Recent progress in neuroscience has been facilitated by tools for neuronal activation and
inactivation that are orthogonal to endogenous signaling systems. We describe here a …

Today, the area of point-of-care diagnostics is synonymous with paper microfluidics where
cheap, disposable, and on-the-spot detection toolkits are being developed for a variety of …

We describe a method for light-inducible and tissue-selective cell ablation using a
genetically encoded photosensitizer, miniSOG (mini singlet oxygen generator). miniSOG is a …

Since its introduction as a laboratory organism 50 years ago, the nematode worm
Caenorhabditis elegans has become one of the most widely used and versatile models for …

The specific patterns and functional properties of electrical synapses of a nervous system
are defined by the neuron-specific complement of electrical synapse constituents. We …

Background Sleep is an essential behavior that is found in all animals that have a nervous
system. Neural activity is thought to control sleep, but little is known about the identity and …

Whether and how neurons that are present in both sexes of the same species can
differentiate in a sexually dimorphic manner is not well understood. A comparison of the …