Pavlovian fear conditioning is a particularly useful behavioral paradigm for exploring the
molecular mechanisms of learning and memory because a well-defined response to a …

The application of neuroscience to marketing, and in particular to the consumer psychology
of brands, has gained popularity over the past decade in the academic and the corporate …

After psychological trauma, recurrent intrusive visual memories may be distressing and
disruptive. Preventive interventions post trauma are lacking. Here we test a behavioural …

Considerable progress has been made over the past 20 years in relating specific circuits of
the brain to emotional functions. Much of this work has involved studies of Pavlovian or …

▪ Abstract Converging findings of animal and human studies provide compelling evidence
that the amygdala is critically involved in enabling us to acquire and retain lasting memories …

Abstract Lynch, MA. Long-Term Potentiation and Memory. Physiol Rev 84: 87–136, 2004;
10.1152/physrev. 00014.2003.—One of the most significant challenges in neuroscience is to …

OBJECTIVE: Most research on the effects of severe psychological stress has focused on
stress-related psychopathology. Here, the author develops psychobiological models of …

Research on the neural systems underlying emotion in animal models over the past two
decades has implicated the amygdala in fear and other emotional processes. This work …

Nitric oxide synthases are the major sources of nitric oxide, a critical signaling molecule
involved in a wide range of cellular and physiological processes. These enzymes comprise …

The learning and remembering of fearful events depends on the integrity of the amygdala,
but how are fear memories represented in the activity of amygdala neurons? Here, we …