Obesity is a major risk factor for essential hypertension, diabetes, and other comorbid
conditions that contribute to development of chronic kidney disease. Obesity raises blood …

Current therapeutic strategies for these conditions are mainly based on lifestyle
interventions and pharmacological approaches, but the rates of control of blood pressure …

Methods and apparatus are provided for non-continuous cir cumferential treatment of a body
lumen. Apparatus may be positioned within a body lumen of a patient and may deliver …

Sympathetic activation contributes to the progression of CKD and is associated with adverse
cardiovascular outcomes. Ablation of renal sympathetic nerves reduces sympathetic nerve …

Aug. 16, 2007, noW Pat. No. 7,717,948, Which is a(Continued) continuation of application
No. 11/504,117,? led on continuatlon-m-part of apphcation No. 10/408,665,? led on Apr. 8 …

Methods and apparatus are provided for intravascularly-in duced neuromodulation or
denervation. Neuromodulation may be achieved via direct and/or via indirect application of …

Methods and apparatus are provided for renal neuromodulation using a pulsed electric field
to effectuate electroporation or electrofusion. It is expected that renal neuromodulation (eg …

Primary Examiner—Mark W Bockelman Related US Application Data(74) Attorney, Agent, or
Firm—Perkins Coie LLP (63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 1 1/129,765,(57) …

The potential involvement of sympathetic overactivity has been neglected in this population
despite accumulating experimental and clinical evidence suggesting a crucial role of …

Related US Application Data ultrasound, via thermal techniques, etc. Such neuromodula AV
tion may effectuate irreversible electroporation or electrofu (63) Continuation-in-part of …