This review describes the mechanisms of lahars and debris flows, and their impacts on
buildings, infrastructure and other valuables. Lahars are a type of debris flow restricted to …

Small-scale volcanic systems are the most widespread type of volcanism on Earth and occur
in all of the main tectonic settings. Most commonly, these systems erupt basaltic magmas …

Monogenetic volcanism produces small-volume volcanoes with a wide range of eruptive
styles, lithological features and geomorphic architectures. They are classified as spatter …

Plate motion and associated tectonics explain the location of magmatic systems along plate
boundaries [1], however, they cannot give satisfactory explanations of the origin of intra …

The Earth's history is punctuated by large explosive eruptions that eject large quantities of
magma and silicate rock fragments into the atmosphere. These tephra particles can …

Background and purpose Volcanic eruptions of pyroclastic tephra, including the ash-sized
fraction (< 2 mm; referred to as volcanic ash), have negative direct impacts on soil quality …

What does it take for a volcanic eruption to really shake the world? Did volcanic eruptions
extinguish the dinosaurs, or help humans to evolve, only to decimate their populations with a …

This paper reviews the state of the art in the concept as well as in the application of sediment
budgets in sedimentary research. Sediments are a product of mass dispersal at the Earth …

Explosive eruptions can severely disturb landscapes downwind or downstream of volcanoes
by damaging vegetation and depositing large volumes of erodible fragmental material. As a …

Oblique plate convergence between Indian Ocean lithosphere and continental crust of the
Sunda plate is distributed between subduction on the Sunda megathrust and upper plate …