The choroid is richly innervated by parasympathetic, sympathetic and trigeminal sensory
nerve fibers that regulate choroidal blood flow in birds and mammals, and presumably other …

This review explores the fundamental neuranatomical and functional bases for integration of
the respiratory and cardiovascular systems in vertebrates and traces their evolution through …

Many species of birds, including pigeons, possess demonstrable cognitive capacities, and
some are capable of cognitive feats matching those of apes. Since mammalian cortex is …

Sturkie's Avian Physiology is the classic comprehensive single volume on the physiology of
domestic as well as wild birds. The Fifth Edition is thoroughly revised and updated, and …

A comparative analysis of catecholaminergic systems in the brain and spinal cord of
vertebrates forces to reconsider several aspects of the organization of catecholamine …

The avian caudolateral neostriatum (NCL) was first identified on the basis of its dense
dopaminergic innervation. This fact and data from lesion studies have led to the notion that …

Birds have well‐developed basal ganglia within the telencephalon, including a striatum
consisting of the medially located lobus parolfactorius (LPO) and the laterally located …

The organization of the pigeon hippocampal formation was examined by tract tracing by
using biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) and cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) and by injections …

Speech has long been thought of as a uniquely defining characteristic of humans. Yet song
birds, like humans, communicate using learned signals (song, speech) that are acquired …

The past decade has witnessed rapid progress in defining neural circuits and mechanisms
in the brain, responsible for regulation of the sympathetic nerve activity and cardiovascular …