Proteases are a group of large complex enzyme molecules that perform highly focused
proteolysis functions. A vast quantity of the protease enzymes is predominantly sourced from …

Plant protease inhibitors (PIs) are natural plant defense proteins that inhibit proteases of
invading insect herbivores. However, their anti-insect efficacy is determined not only by their …

Synbiotics, a conjunction between prebiotics and probiotics, have been used in aquaculture
for over 10 years. However, the mechanisms of how synbiotics work as growth and immunity …

Marine environment consists of the largest sources diversified genetic pool of material with
an enormous potential for a wide variety of enzymes including proteases. A protease …

Evolutionary expansions and contractions of gene families are often correlated with key
innovations and/or ecological characteristics. In butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) …

Protease inhibitors (PIs) are direct defenses induced by plants in response to herbivory. PIs
reduce herbivore digestive efficiency by inhibiting insects' digestive proteases; in turn …

Organic acids or their salts are promising feed additives for aquatic animals to improve
growth performance. We determined the effect of supplementing diets with sodium salts …

The prophenoloxidase activating system (ProPO-AS) is an integral part of the constitutive
innate immune response in insects, the products of which are commonly assayed to assess …

The disk-shaped millimeter-sized marine animal, Trichoplax adhaerens, is notable because
of its small number of cell types and primitive mode of feeding. It glides on substrates …

Because food proteins are crucial for insect survival, growth, and fecundity, enzymes
involved in their digestion have attracted the attention of fundamental entomologists …