The Arctic climate system is rapidly transitioning into a new regime with a reduction in the
extent of sea ice, enhanced mixing in the ocean and atmosphere, and thus enhanced …

Freshwater discharge from glaciers is increasing across the Arctic in response to
anthropogenic climate change, which raises questions about the potential downstream …

Greenland runoff, from ice mass loss and increasing rainfall, is increasing. That runoff, as
discharge, impacts the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the adjacent fjords …

Ice sheet marine margins via outlet glaciers are susceptible to climate change and are
expected to respond through retreat, steepening, and acceleration, although with significant …

The speed of Greenland's fastest glacier, Jakobshavn Isbræ, has varied substantially since
its speed-up in the late 1990s. Here we present observations of surface velocity, mélange …

The role of icebergs in narrow fjords hosting marine-terminating glaciers in Greenland is
poorly understood, even though iceberg melt results in a substantial freshwater flux that can …

Meltwater and sediment-laden plumes at tidewater glaciers, resulting from the localized
subglacial discharge of surface melt, influence submarine melting of the glacier and the …

Meltwater from Greenland is an important freshwater source for the North Atlantic Ocean,
released into the ocean at the head of fjords in the form of runoff, submarine melt, and …

Abstract Frontal ablation has caused 32%–66% of Greenland Ice Sheet mass loss since
1972, and despite its importance in driving terminus change, ocean thermal forcing remains …

Iceberg calving accounts for up to half of mass loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), with
their size distributions providing insights into glacier calving dynamics and impacting fjord …