Fusion energy has great potential over other sources of energies due to the abundance of
fusion fuel on the Earth and tokamak has turns out to be the best technique to harvest fusion …

This review paper will present and critically discuss the evolution of the calibration-free LIBS
(CF-LIBS) method and some of its new applications that appeared since the last extensive …

This update covers the literature published between approximately June 2021 and May
2022 and is the latest part of a series of annual reviews. It is designed to provide the reader …

The quantification of impurities in fusion devices is important to improve understanding of all
impurity-related issues and their solutions. In this study, the deposition of the impurity layer …

The elemental analysis of plasma-facing components (PFCs) with deposits is vital for the
study of the material erosion, deposition, and fuel retention. For ITER-like divertor, first wall is …

The calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) technique requires
no reference samples of the same matrix to establish the calibration curve, not affected by …

Quantitative in situ elemental analyses of the impure deposited layer on the plasma-facing
components (PFCs) of magnetically confined fusion devices such as EAST are crucial and …

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is one of the most promising methods for
quantitative in-situ determination of fuel retention in plasma-facing components (PFCs) of …

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been proposed as a promising in-situ
diagnostic approach for the elemental analysis of the co-deposition impurities on plasma …

Abstract Optical Emission Spectroscopy is used within the LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown
Spectroscopy) technique to measure the elemental composition of a sample irradiated by a …