Formation of distant metastases is by far the most common cause of cancer-related deaths.
The process of metastasis formation is complex, and within this complex process the …

Recent scientific advances have contributed much to the dissection of the complex
molecular and cellular pathways involved in the connection between cancer and …

It is unknown why only a minority of circulating tumor cells trapped in lung capillaries form
metastases and involvement of immune cells remains uncertain. A novel model has been …

Raf are conserved, ubiquitous serine/protein kinases discovered as the cellular elements
hijacked by transforming retroviruses. The three mammalian RAF proteins (A, B and CRAF) …

BACKGROUND: Tumor cell and host immune cell interaction plays a key role in
carcinogenesis. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is constitutively …

The rationale for using small molecule inhibitors of oncogenic proteins as cancer therapies
depends, at least in part, on the assumption that metastatic tumors are primarily clonal with …

Malignant melanoma is fatal in its metastatic stage. It is therefore essential to unravel the
molecular mechanisms that govern disease progression to metastasis. MicroRNAs (miRs) …

The main cause of death in melanoma patients is widespread metastases. Staging of
melanoma is based on the primary tumor thickness, ulceration, lymph node and distant …

The Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway plays a key role in melanoma
development making it an important therapeutic target. In normal cells, the tightly regulated …

CD47 is a" self marker" that is usually overexpressed on the surface of cancer cells to
enable them to escape immunosurveillance. Recognition of CD47 by its receptor, signal …