During femtosecond laser fabrication, photons are mainly absorbed by electrons, and the
subsequent energy transfer from electrons to ions is of picosecond order. Hence, lattice …

The use of short and ultrashort laser pulses for micromachining application is an emerging
technology. Laser Beam MicroMachining (LBMM) has revolutionized many industries by …

With the rapid development in advanced industries, such as microelectronics and optics
sectors, the functional feature size of devises/components has been decreasing from micro …

The advent of pump-probe spectroscopy techniques paved the way to the exploration of
ultrafast dynamics of electrons and phonons in crystalline solids. Following photo-absorption …

Diverse natural organisms possess stimulus-responsive structures to adapt to the
surrounding environment. Inspired by nature, researchers have developed various smart …

Recent advances in transmission electron microscopy instrumentation have made it an
indispensable technique for atomic-scale materials characterization. Concurrently, the …

Nonlinear optical materials comprise the foundation of modern photonics, offering
functionalities ranging from ultrafast lasers to optical switching, harmonic and soliton …

Femtosecond laser fabrication has grown to be a major method of extreme manufacturing
because of the extreme energy density and spatial and temporal scales of femtosecond …

Requirements of integrated photonics and miniaturisation of optical devices demand
efficient nonlinear components not constrained by conventional macroscopic nonlinear …

Ultrafast lasers, even the novel laser burst technology, have been widely using in numerous
applications, especially in micro-machining. The mechanism of ultrafast laser and matter …