The number of mobile users has exponentially grown over the past years, and these users
have the desire of always being connected wirelessly at any time anywhere, to the best …

Vertical handover is the most critical component of the new generation of heterogeneous
wireless networks. Extensive research has been developed based on multi-metric …

ABSTRACT In heterogeneous networks, Vertical Handover (VH) plays a vital consequence
of customer mobility as they have a high impact on networking performance like delay …

Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) refer to the communication network, consisting of
different types of nodes connected through communication networks deploying diverse radio …

The growing demand of always being connected and reachable anywhere, at any time has
led to the continuous progression of various mobile devices/mobile nodes (MNs) and radio …

Current and future wireless network architectures consist of several access technologies to
support numerous traffic types and enable mobile devices to be connected anytime …

Ping-pong effect is inherent in handoff ready networks. Due to this effect, there are
unnecessary handoffs in a wireless network, which reduces the energy efficiency and the …

In heterogeneous networks, vertical handover (VH) has a significant impact on networking
performance including delay, throughput, and call block probability. VH management …

ABSTRACT Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) are introduced to satisfy the demand of
network traffic capacity and data rate. It comprises of multi-platform networks with various …

Network optimization is an ongoing process crucial to maintaining Quality of Service in
Heterogeneous Networks (Het-Nets). Vertical Handover Optimization (VHDO) specifically …