Many tree-dwelling species inhabit microhabitats that develop slowly in diseased or injured
trees. Conservation planning would benefit from explicit knowledge of these processes …

Retention of habitat trees is a common biodiversity conservation practice in continuous
cover forests of temperate Europe. Commonly, living habitat trees are selected on the basis …

Key message Bark stripping wounds by red deer (Cervus elavus L.) were assessed on 9026
Norway spruce trees. Wound variables (length, width, area, relative width, height above …

The damage to trees that is caused by ungulate species is a natural result of their presence
in ecosystems. High densities of ungulates may have a negative effect on biodiversity and …

The silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) is among the most valuable conifers in Europe for ecological
and economic reasons. Throughout the course of history, primarily in the 20th century, its …

Large ungulate populations are known to cause economic damage to agriculture and
forestry. Bark damage is particularly detrimental to the timber production of certain species …

Bark stripping caused by cervids can have a long-lasting negative effect on tree vitality. Such
trees of low vitality might be more susceptible to other disturbances. The amplifying effects of …

Key message Exogenous MJ does not alter the resin duct structure of pines in the cortex, but
increases the number, density and mean size of resin ducts in the secondary xylem …

European silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) was the first true fir to be introduced to Britain in 1603.
Despite early enthusiasm for the species, it has not been widely planted and work on the …

Dating of geomorphic events using dendrogeomorphic methods has increased rapidly
during the last years to provide a systematic overview on event frequencies, spatial reach …