OBJECTIVE: Chondrocytes and alteration in chondrocyte differentiation play a central role in
osteoarthritis. Chondrocyte differentiation is amongst others regulated by members of the …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent disease affecting more than 20% of American adults.
Predispositions include joint injury, heredity, obesity, and aging. Biomechanical alterations …

Hypertrophic differentiation is not only the terminal process of endochondral ossification in
the growth plate but is also an important pathological change in osteoarthritic cartilage …

Hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes is a main barrier in application of mesenchymal
stem cells (MSCs) for cartilage repair. In addition, hypertrophy occurs occasionally in …

The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily participates in tumour proliferation,
apoptosis, differentiation, migration, invasion, immune evasion and extracellular matrix …

Osteoarthritis is non-inflammatory degenerative joint arthritis, which exacerbates disability in
elder persons. The molecular mechanisms of osteoarthritis are elusive. Ubiquitination, one …

Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) is a growth factor with many faces. In our
osteoarthritis (OA) research we have found that TGFβ can be protective as well as …

Smad3 deficiency accelerates chondrocyte maturation and leads to osteoarthritis. Primary
chondrocytes without Smad3 lack compensatory increases of TGF‐β signaling factors, but …

OBJECTIVE: Articular cartilage repair remains a major obstacle in tissue engineering. We
recently developed a novel tool for articular cartilage repair, consisting of a triple composite …

Osteoarthritis is the most common arthritic condition, which involves progressive
degeneration of articular cartilage. The most recent accomplishments have significantly …