A growing awareness of the diversity and ubiquity of microbes (eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and
viruses) associated with larger 'host'organisms has led to the realisation that many diseases …

Nucleic acid extraction and sequencing of genes from organisms within environmental
samples encompasses a variety of techniques collectively referred to as environmental DNA …

Developing a detailed understanding of how all known forms of life are related to one
another in the tree of life has been a major preoccupation of biology since the idea of tree …

Detection of pathogens, parasites, and other symbionts in environmental samples via
eDNA/eRNA (collectively eNA) is an increasingly important source of information about their …

Abstract (Adaptive) radiations have attracted evolutionary biologists for a long time as ideal
model systems to study patterns and processes of often rapid speciation. However, whereas …

Comparative pathology as a scientific discipline studies animal diseases in relation to their
aetiology, pathogenesis and prognosis. Among the main aspects of this discipline …

Infrakingdom Rhizaria is one of four major subgroups with distinct cell body plans that
comprise eukaryotic kingdom Chromista. Unlike other chromists, Rhizaria are mostly …

The protist phylum Haplosporidia comprises over 40 described species with representatives
infecting a range of mollusc hosts, including several ecologically and economically …

There is a large diversity of eukaryotic symbionts of copepods, dominated by epizootic
protists such as ciliates, and metazoan parasites. Eukaryotic endoparasites, copepod …

Studies of animal and plant microbiomes are burgeoning, but the majority of these focus on
bacteria and rarely include microeukaryotes other than fungi. However, there is growing …