Chronic infections caused by microbial biofilms represent an important clinical challenge.
The recalcitrance of microbial biofilms to antimicrobials and to the immune system is a major …

Throughout their evolutionary history, bacteria have faced diverse threats from other
microorganisms, including competing bacteria, bacteriophages and predators. In response …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the six bacterial pathogens, Enterococcus faecium,
Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas …

Persistent cancer cells are the discrete and usually undetected cells that survive cancer drug
treatment and constitute a major cause of treatment failure. These cells are characterized by …

The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract harbours a complex and dynamic population of
microorganisms, the gut microbiota, which exert a marked influence on the host during …

The emergence of drug resistance limits the efficacy of targeted therapies in human tumors.
The prevalent view is that resistance is a fait accompli: when treatment is initiated, cancers …

Persisters are transiently antibiotic-tolerant cells that complicate the treatment of bacterial
infections. Both theory and experiments have suggested that persisters facilitate genetic …

Generation time varies widely across organisms and is an important factor in the life cycle,
life history and evolution of organisms. Although the doubling time (DT) has been estimated …

Our understanding of cancer is being transformed by exploring clonal diversity, drug
resistance, and causation within an evolutionary framework. The therapeutic resilience of …

Antibiotic treatment failure is of growing concern. Genetically encoded resistance is key in
driving this process. However, there is increasing evidence that bacterial antibiotic …