The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome of cats and dogs is increasingly recognized as a
metabolically active organ inextricably linked to pet health. Food serves as a substrate for …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) occurs commonly in older dogs and cats and is the most
common renal disease occurring in elderly patients. It is defined as structural and/or …

Practical relevance: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed
diseases in older cats. In most cats, CKD is also a progressive disease and can be …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as the presence of structural or functional
abnormalities of one or both kidneys that have been present for an extended period, usually …

Background The prevalence for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs varies widely (0.05–
3.74%). Identified risk factors include advancing age, specific breeds, small body size, and …

Physiologic parameters such as blood pressure, rectal temperature, heart rate, and
respiratory rate are an important part of the medical assessment of a patient. However, these …

Background: Duration of survival of cats with naturally occurring chronic kidney disease
(CKD) is poorly characterized. Hypothesis: Stage of kidney disease based on serum …

Objective To provide a framework for successfully managing chronic kidney disease (CKD)
over an extended period of time with the goal of optimizing clinical outcomes by fostering a …

Practical relevance: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most frequently
encountered disorders in cats, having increased in prevalence in recent decades. Although …

Background Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) is considered a biomarker for early
detection of renal dysfunction in human patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). At present, no …