Stimulation of cells with electrical cues is an imperative approach to interact with biological
systems and has been exploited in clinical practices over a wide range of pathological …

Cell-replacement therapies have long been an attractive prospect for treating Parkinson
disease. However, the outcomes of fetal tissue-derived cell transplants in individuals with …

Brain organoids created from human pluripotent stem cells represent a promising approach
for brain repair. They acquire many structural features of the brain and raise the possibility of …

Parkinson's disease is characterized by loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra.
Similar to other major neurodegenerative disorders, there are no disease-modifying …

Conversion of glial cells into functional neurons represents a potential therapeutic approach
for replenishing neuronal loss associated with neurodegenerative diseases and brain injury …

Naturally occurring stem cells isolated from humans have been used therapeutically for
decades. This has primarily involved the transplantation of primary cells such as …

Genome editing reemerged in 2012 with the development of CRISPR/Cas9 technology,
which is a genetic manipulation tool derived from the defense system of certain bacteria …

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide a model to study early neural development,
model pathological processes, and develop therapeutics. The generation of functionally …

Stem cell treatments for neurodegenerative diseases are expected to reach clinical trials
soon. Most of the approaches currently under development involve transplantation of …

Although cell transplantation can rescue motor defects in Parkinson's disease (PD) models,
whether and how grafts functionally repair damaged neural circuitry in the adult brain is not …