Although levothyroxine is one of the most prescribed medications in the world, its
bioavailability has been reported to be impaired by many factors, including interfering drugs …

Objective We sought to review indications, technical aspects, risks, and recommendations
for fetal blood sampling (FBS). Methods A systematic review was performed using …

Maternal overtreatment with antithyroid drugs can induce fetal goitrous hypothyroidism. This
condition can have a critical effect on pregnancy outcome, as well as on fetal growth and …

Physiological changes during gestation are important to be aware of in measurement and
interpretation of thyroid function tests in women with autoimmune thyroid diseases. Thyroid …

Maternal Graves' disease is the most common cause of fetal goiter. Fetal goiter can cause
complications attributable either to the physical effects of the goiter itself or to thyroid …

Several isolated reports of fetal goiter treatment have shown limited generalizability of
approaches and provide no real guidance for optimal timing, dosages, and treatment …

Background Hyperthyroidism during pregnancy is treated with the antithyroid drugs (ATD)
propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazole (MMI). PTU currently is recommended as the drug …

Background: Fetal goitrous hypothyroidism is mainly caused by maternal treatment of
Graves' disease. Fetal goiter sometimes compresses the trachea and esophagus and may …

Objective (s) To study if the GnRH agonist administration in luteal phase improves clinical
pregnancy rate of fresh and frozen embryo transfer. Also, this meta-analysis compares the …

Fetal therapy term has been described for any therapeutic intervention either invasive or
noninvasive for the purpose of correcting or treating any fetal malformation or condition …