Abstract Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) has been the subject of extensive research in the past
few years. It is widely explored in drug delivery, where the development of nanomedicines …

The breakthrough of 3D printing in biomedical research has paved the way for the next
evolutionary step referred to as four dimensional (4D) printing. This new concept utilizes the …

Since the majority of anticancer pharmacological agents affect not only cancer tissue but
also normal cells, chemotherapy is usually accompanied with severe side effects. Regional …

In this study, we developed novel hyaluronic acid cross-linked zein nanogels (HA-Zein NGs)
to deliver the potential anticancer agent curcumin (CRC), a naturally occurring …

Hypoxia is a hallmark of malignant tumors and often correlates with increasing tumor
aggressiveness and poor treatment outcomes. Therefore, early diagnosis and effective …

Introduction Intravesical instillation is preferred over the systemic route of administration, as
an efficient route of drug administration to treat bladder cancer. However, the periodic …

Instillations of therapeutic agents into the urinary bladder have limited efficacy due to drug
washout and inadequate attachment to and penetration into the bladder wall. Instilled …

Personalized medicine is an important treatment approach for diseases like cancer with high
intrasubject variability. In this framework, printing is one of the most promising methods since …

The development of mucoadhesive in situ gelling formulations for intravesical application
may improve the therapeutic outcomes of bladder cancer patients. In this work, chitosan/β …

Bladder cancer (BC) is the most frequently occurring cancer of the urinary system, with non-
muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) accounting for 75–85% of all the bladder cancers …