Phosphatidylinositide 3 kinases (PI3Ks) and their downstream mediators AKT and
mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) constitute the core components of the …

In contrast to terminally differentiated cells, cancer cells and stem cells retain the ability to re-
enter the cell cycle and proliferate. To proliferate, cells must increase their uptake and …

Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is the most pleiotropic member of the interleukin-6 family of
cytokines. It utilises a receptor that consists of the LIF receptor β and gp130 and this receptor …

Tissue development and homeostasis are governed by the actions of stem cells. Multipotent
cells are capable of self-renewal during the course of one's lifetime. The accurate and …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) as a small subpopulation in tumor bulk are believed to initiate
tumor formation and are responsible for the resistance to cancer therapy. The proliferation …

The cytokine leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) integrates signals into mouse embryonic stem
(ES) cells to maintain pluripotency. Although the Jak–Stat3 pathway is essential and …

Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme commonly expressed in almost all living organisms. In
humans and other mammals, determinations of the expression and activity of alkaline …

Physical factors in the local cellular microenvironment, including cell shape and geometry,
matrix mechanics, external mechanical forces, and nanotopographical features of the …

Murine ES cells can be maintained as a pluripotent, self-renewing population by LIF/STAT3-
dependent signaling. The downstream effectors of this pathway have not been previously …

Summary The PI3K-AKT-FoxO pathway is integral to lifespan regulation in lower organisms
and essential for the stability of long-lived cells in mammals. Here, we report the impact of …