Introduction Radiofrequency (RF) ablation of the left atrium of the heart is increasingly used
to treat atrial fibrillation (AF). Unfortunately, inadvertent thermal injury to the esophagus can …

Background Active esophageal cooling reduces the incidence of endoscopically identified
severe esophageal lesions during radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation of the left atrium for …

Electrical conduction through cardiac muscle fibres separated from the main myocardial wall
by layers of interposed adipose tissue are notoriously difficult to target by endocardial …

Background Active esophageal cooling during pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) with
radiofrequency (RF) ablation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) is increasingly being …

Background Left atrial ablation to obtain pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for the treatment of
atrial fibrillation (AF) is a technologically intensive procedure utilizing innovative and …

Ablation-related oesophageal injury is an important cause of serious complications from
ablations for atrial fibrillation (AF). 1–3 Methods of oesophageal protection originally started …

We read the work by Hamed et al. 1 reviewing the available randomized controlled trials on
oesophageal cooling, and we appreciate the inclusion of the IMPACT study in their meta …

Background Active esophageal cooling reduces the incidence of endoscopically identified
severe esophageal lesions during radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation of the left atrium for …

Abstract Background and Objectives Laser ablation is increasingly used to treat atrial
fibrillation (AF). However, atrioesophageal injury remains a potentially serious complication …

Pulmonary vein isolation–related esophageal injury is catastrophic, and although many
protective strategies have been used, results are suboptimal. 1 The mechanism of thermal …