Cell and tissue plant cultures are used either to save vulnerable species from extinction or to
multiply valuable genotypes, or both, and are widely applied for economically important …

Plant tissue culture techniques are the most frequently used biotechnological tools for basic
and applied purposes ranging from investigation on plant developmental processes …

Somatic embryogenesis is a morphogenetic event where somatic cells have the ability to
produce embryos without gamete fusion. It is used as a technique for plant mass …

The instability of in vitro cultures may cause genetic and epigenetic changes in crops called
somaclonal variations. Sometimes, these changes produce beneficial effects; for example …

Background Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is an intricate molecular and biochemical process
principally based on cellular totipotency and a model in studying plant development. In this …

Phenotypic variation determines the capacity of plants to adapt to changing environments
and to colonize new habitats. Deciphering the mechanisms contributing to plant phenotypic …

Throughout decades of plant research, the plant hormones known as auxins have been
found to be of vital importance in most plant development processes. Indole-3-acetic acid …

Modern agricultural systems are directly threatened by global climate change and the
resulting freshwater crisis. A considerable challenge in the coming years will be to develop …

DNA methylation plays an important role in somaclonal variation. Cytosine-5 DNA
methyltransferases (C5-MTases) are crucial enzymes for maintaining the de novo genome …

Amino acids (AA) are essential molecules for plant physiology, acting as precursor
molecules for proteins and other organic compounds. Chloroplasts play a vital role in AA …