Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)(cGAMP)
synthase (cGAS), along with the adaptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING), are crucial …

Janus kinase (JAK)–signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signal
transduction mediates cytokine responses. Canonical signaling is based on STAT tyrosine …

Type I interferons (IFNs) are pleiotropic cytokines well recognized for their role in the
induction of a potent antiviral gene program essential for host defense against viruses. They …

The immune system probably evolved to limit the negative effects exerted by pathogens on
host homeostasis. This defence strategy relies on the concerted action of innate and …

Variability in disease severity caused by a microbial pathogen is impacted by each infection
representing a unique combination of host and pathogen genomes. Here, we show that the …

Invasive fungal infections are associated with high mortality rates, and the lack of efficient
treatment options emphasizes an urgency to identify underlying disease mechanisms. We …

Over the past decades the notion of 'inflammation'has been extended beyond the original
hallmarks of rubor (redness), calor (heat), tumor (swelling) and dolor (pain) described by …

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a novel respiratory disease induced by severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It remains poorly understood how …

Interferons are a group of immunomodulatory substances produced by the human immune
system in response to the presence of pathogens, especially during viral and bacterial …

Pathogenic organisms exert a negative impact on host health, revealed by the clinical signs
of infectious diseases. Immunity limits the severity of infectious diseases through resistance …