Profiling breast cancer with expression arrays has become common, and it has been
suggested that the results from early studies will lead to understanding of the molecular …

In the last decade, the development of microarrays and the ability to perform massively
parallel gene expression analysis of human tumours were received with great excitement by …

Background Gene-expression–profiling studies of primary breast tumors performed by
different laboratories have resulted in the identification of a number of distinct prognostic …

Background Estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancers (BC) are heterogeneous with
regard to their clinical behavior and response to therapies. The ER is currently the best …

Over the last 10 years there has been an explosion of information about the molecular
biology of cancer. A challenge in oncology is to translate this information into advances in …

Therapies that target the synthesis of estrogen or the function of estrogen receptor (s) have
been developed to treat breast cancer. While these approaches have proven to be …

In the 19th century, the Scottish surgeon, Dr. Thomas Beatson, recognized that some, but not
all, cases of advanced breast cancer would regress in response to “hormonal therapy,” …

Purpose We previously identified three genes, HOXB13, IL17BR and CHDH, and the
HOXB13: IL17BR ratio index in particular, that strongly predicted clinical outcome in breast …

Purpose: The identification of a molecular signature predicting the relapse of tamoxifen-
treated primary breast cancers should help the therapeutic management of estrogen …

Background: Cut-off scores for determining positivity of biomarkers detected by
immunohistochemistry are often set arbitrarily and vary between reports. Aims: To evaluate …