Opioids are very potent and efficacious drugs, traditionally used for both acute and chronic
pain conditions. However, the use of opioids is frequently associated with the occurrence of …

Opioids produce strong analgesia but their use is limited by a paradoxical hypersensitivity
named opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) that may be associated to analgesic tolerance. In …

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 11 million people suffer from
burns every year, and 180,000 die from them. A burn is a condition in which heat, chemical …

The transition from acute to chronic pain is an ongoing major problem for individuals, society
and healthcare systems around the world. It is clear chronic pain is a complex …

Opiates are potent analgesics but their clinical use is limited by side effects including
analgesic tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). The Opiates produce analgesia …

Opioids remain among the most effective pain-relieving therapeutics. However, their long-
term use is limited due to the development of tolerance and potential for addiction. For many …

Highlights•Research on pain and analgesia must include the role of sex.•Discussion of
several factors contributing to pain and analgesia.•Sex differences in pain sensitivity and …

Morphine has been and continues to be one of the most potent and widely used drugs for
the treatment of pain. Clinical and animal models investigating sex differences in pain and …

Burn injury pain is a significant public health problem. Burn injury treatment has improved
tremendously in recent decades. However, an unintended consequence is that a larger …

Painful neuropathic injuries are accompanied by robust inflammatory and oxidative stress
responses that contribute to the development and maintenance of pain. After neural trauma …