Neoclassical tearing modes are one of the most serious concerns for operation on a next-
step tokamak device. The modes occur on present tokamaks at normalized pressure (β N) …

Progress in the area of MHD stability and disruptions, since the publication of the 1999 ITER
Physics Basis document (1999 Nucl. Fusion 39 2137–2664), is reviewed. Recent theoretical …

This paper presents a review of the experimental achievements related to the development
of high-power gyrotron oscillators for long-pulse or CW operation and pulsed gyrotrons for …

Gyrotron oscillators (gyrotrons) are capable of providing hundreds of kilo watts of power at
microwave and millimetric wavelengths. From their con ception in the late fifties until their …

A principal pressure limit in tokamaks is set by the onset of neoclassical tearing modes
(NTMs), which are destabilized and maintained by helical perturbations to the pressure …

Noninductive current drive has been performed in the tokamak ASDEX upgrade by injection
of radiofrequency waves at the second harmonic of the electron-cyclotron frequency in order …

Gyrotron oscillators (gyromonotrons) are mainly used as high power millimeter wave
sources for electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH), electron cyclotron current drive …

Neoclassical tearing modes (NTMs) will be the principal limit on performance in ITER in the
standard scenario, which has beta well below the ideal kink limit. Measurements of island …

This paper reports results on the progress in steady-state high-β p ELMy H-mode discharges
in JT-60U. A fusion triple product, n D (0) τ ET i (0), of 3.1× 10 20 m− 3 s keV under full non …

A tearing mode with m= 3 and n= 2, destabilized in the steady state high-β p H-mode
discharges with edge localized mode (ELM), was completely stabilized by local heating and …