This article offers a reformulation of the negative reinforcement model of drug addiction and
proposes that the escape and avoidance of negative affect is the prepotent motive for …

This article updates a 1990 review of the effects of tobacco abstinence by reviewing (a)
which symptoms are valid indicators of tobacco abstinence and (b) the time course of …

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the world,
and long-term abstinence rates remain modest. Mindfulness training (MT) has begun to …

A brief, 10-item version of the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU; Tiffany & Drobes,
British Journal of Addiction 86: 1467–1476, 1991) was administered to 221 active cigarette …

The present study tested the hypothesis that limited ability to tolerate physical and
psychological distress is associated with early relapse from smoking cessation. Specifically …

Humans suffer heavily from substance use disorders and other addictions. Despite much
effort that has been put into understanding the mechanisms of the addictive process …

Current affect has been described with various dimensions and structures, including JA
Russell's (1980) circumplex, D. Watson and A. Tellegen's (1985) positive and negative …

This article presents a social-cognitive theory of substance abuse. The exercise of self-
regulatory agency plays a central role in this approach. Perceived self-efficacy is the …

Smoking is highly prevalent across most anxiety disorders. Tobacco use increases risk for
the later development of certain anxiety disorders, and smokers with anxiety disorders have …

A significant percentage of smokers attempting cessation lapse to smoking within a matter of
days and very few of these individuals recover to achieve abstinence. Current models of …