Its increasing incidence has led stroke to be the second leading cause of death worldwide.
Despite significant advances in recanalization strategies, patients are still at risk for …

Microglia are ramified cells that exhibit highly motile processes, which continuously survey
the brain parenchyma and react to any insult to the CNS homeostasis. Although microglia …

Fractalkine (FKN, CX3CL1) is a transmembrane chemokine expressed by neurons in the
central nervous system (CNS). CX3CL1 signals through its unique receptor, CX3CR1, that is …

Microglia are brain resident macrophages originated from primitive progenitor cells in the
yolk sac. Microglia can be activated within hours and recruited to the lesion site …

Neuroinflammation was initially thought of as a consequence of neurodegenerative disease
pathology, but more recently it is becoming clear that it plays a significant role in the …

Microglia sustain normal brain functions continuously monitoring cerebral parenchyma to
detect neuronal activities and alteration of homeostatic processes. The metabolic pathways …

The nervous and immune systems control whole-body homeostasis and respond to various
types of tissue injury, including stroke, in a coordinated manner. Cerebral ischaemia and …

Stroke is currently one of the most common causes of death and disability in the world, and
its pathophysiology is a complex process, involving the oxidative stress and inflammatory …

Stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide. Ischemic stroke is caused by blockage of
blood vessels in the brain leading to tissue death, while intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) …

While the mainstay of acute stroke treatment includes revascularization via recombinant
tissue plasminogen activator or mechanical thrombectomy, only a minority of stroke patients …