Type IV secretion systems (T4SSs) are versatile multiprotein nanomachines spanning the
entire cell envelope in Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria. They play important …

Since the reclassification of the genus Bartonella in 1993, the number of species has grown
from 1 to 45 currently designated members. Likewise, the association of different Bartonella …

Background Species of the genus Bartonella are facultative intracellular
alphaproteobacteria with zoonotic potential. Bartonella infections in humans range from mild …

Bartonella spp. are facultative intracellular pathogens that employ a unique stealth infection
strategy comprising immune evasion and modulation, intimate interaction with nucleated …

Most pathogens are able to infect multiple hosts but some are highly adapted to a single-
host species. A detailed understanding of the basis of host specificity can provide important …

Epidemiological studies worldwide have reported a high prevalence and a great diversity of
Bartonella species, both in rodents and their flea parasites. The interaction among …

The bacterial type IV secretion systems (T4SSs) comprise a biologically diverse group of
translocation systems functioning to deliver DNA or protein substrates from donor to target …

Infectious diseases remain a remarkable health threat for humans and animals. In the past,
the epidemiology, etiology and pathology of infectious agents affecting humans and animals …

Type IV secretion occurs across a wide range of prokaryotic cell envelopes: Gram-negative,
Gram-positive, cell wall-less bacteria and some archaea. This diversity is reflected in the …

In recent years, an increasing number of Bartonella species have been identified as
zoonotic pathogens, transmitted by animal bites, scratches, arthropods and even by needle …