Numerous observational studies have suggested that there is a correlation between the
level of serum vitamin D and MS risk and disease activity. To explore this hypothesis, a …

Personalized treatment is ideal for multiple sclerosis (MS) owing to the heterogeneity of
clinical features, but current knowledge gaps, including validation of biomarkers and …

Objective To characterize the accrual of long‐term disability in a cohort of actively treated
multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and to assess whether clinical and magnetic resonance …

Background Observational studies have demonstrated an association between decreased
vitamin D level and risk of multiple sclerosis (MS); however, it remains unclear whether this …

The most recent findings linking exposure to sun and vitamin D insufficiency to multiple
sclerosis (MS) are reviewed. Due to insufficient sunshine and changing lifestyles …

Beyond its critical function in calcium homeostasis, vitamin D has recently been found to
play an important role in the modulation of the immune/inflammation system via regulating …

Importance It remains unclear whether vitamin D insufficiency, which is common in
individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), has an adverse effect on MS outcomes. Objectives …

The immune system, innate and adaptive, is a highly evolved and complex network,
essential for promoting survival in an environment full of potential pathogens, while …

Although genetic susceptibility explains the clustering of multiple sclerosis (MS) cases within
families, the changes in MS risk that occur with migration can be explained only by changes …

Objective Thalamic volume is a candidate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based
marker associated with neurodegeneration to hasten development of neuroprotective …