The energy and water vapor exchange between the land surface and atmospheric boundary
layer plays a critical role in regional climate simulations. This paper implemented a hybrid …

Sonic anemometers simultaneously measure the turbulent fluctuations of vertical wind (w')
and sonic temperature (T s'), and are commonly used to measure sensible heat flux (H). Our …

Progress in operational sea state forecasting is discussed in the context of the energy
balance equation. This fundamental law describes the evolution of the wave spectrum due …

During five autumn weeks, measurements of turbulent fluxes were obtained in the Baltic Sea
at three levels on a 30-m tower and two levels on an ASIS buoy 4 km from the tower together …

In very slightly unstable conditions, when the Obukhov length is much greater than the
surface layer depth, it is observed that the structure of the surface layer turbulence does not …

Spectra of CO 2 and water vapour fluctuations from measurements made in the marine
atmospheric surface layer have been analyzed. A normalization of spectra based on Monin …

Estimation of turbulent heat fluxes by assimilating sequences of land surface temperature
(LST) observations into a variational data assimilation (VDA) framework has been the …

Turbulence measurements taken at a Swedish lake are analyzed. Although the
measurements took place over a relatively large lake with several km of undisturbed fetch …

A moist idealized test case (MITC) for atmospheric model dynamical cores is presented. The
MITC is based on the Held–Suarez (HS) test that was developed for dry simulations on “a …

Abstract The Clouds, Aerosols, Precipitation, Radiation, and atmospherIc Composition Over
the southeRn oceaN (CAPRICORN) experiment was carried out in March–April 2016 …