Mitokines are signaling molecules that enable communication of local mitochondrial stress
to other mitochondria in distant cells and tissues. Among those molecules are FGF21 …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease characterized by both
amnestic and non-amnestic clinical manifestations. It accounts for approximately 60-70% of …

Simple Summary Cancer cells are dependent on normal cells for their survival and
functionality because they can use nanoscale tubes to steal the mitochondria from immune …

The (patho-) physiological responses to hypoxia are highly heterogeneous between
individuals. In this review, we focused on the roles of sex differences, which emerge as …

Alzheimer's disease (AD), as a neurodegenerative disorder, usually develops slowly but
gradually worsens. It accounts for approximately 70% of dementia cases worldwide, and is …

Huntington disease (HD) is a debilitating, currently incurable disease. Protein aggregation
and metabolic deficits are pathological hallmarks but their link to neurodegeneration and …

The theory that oxidative damage caused by mitochondrial free radicals leads to aging has
brought mitochondria into the forefront of aging research. Psychological stress that …

Liver damage is a common sequela of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), worsening
the clinical outcomes. However, the underlying mechanism of COVID-induced liver injury …

Although peripheral artery disease (PAD) primarily affects large arteries outside the brain,
PAD is also associated with elevated cerebral vulnerabilities, including greater risks for …

In the last decades, important progress has been achieved in the understanding of the
neurotrophic effects of intermittent fasting (IF), calorie restriction (CR) and exercise …