Insulin, a hormone produced by pancreatic β-cells, has a primary function of maintaining
glucose homeostasis. Deficiencies in β-cell insulin secretion result in the development of …

Insulin is a life-saving drug for patients with type 1 diabetes; however, even today, no
pharmacotherapy can prevent the loss or dysfunction of pancreatic insulin-producing β cells …

Dysfunction of the pancreatic β cell is an important defect in the pathogenesis of type 2
diabetes, although its exact relationship to the insulin resistance is unclear. To determine …

Glucokinase (GK) serves as glucose sensor in pancreatic β-cells and in other glucose
sensor cells in the body. Biochemical genetic studies have characterized many activating …

A combination of insulin resistance and pancreatic β‐cell dysfunction underlies most cases
of type 2 diabetes. While the interplay of these two impairments is believed to be important in …

The appropriate function of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells is crucial for the regulation
of glucose homeostasis, and its impairment leads to diabetes mellitus, the most common …

Insulin receptor substrates-1 (IRS-1) is the major cytoplasmic substrate of the insulin and IGF-
1 receptors. Recent studies have identified multiple sequence variants of IRS-1, especially …

Functional insulin receptors are known to occur in pancreatic beta cells; however, except for
a positive feedback on insulin synthesis, their physiological effects are unknown …

Pancreatic β-cells possess an inherent ability to generate oscillatory signals that trigger
insulin release. Coordination of the secretory activity among β-cells results in pulsatile …

Insulin receptor substrate–1 (IRS-1) is pivotal in mediating the actions of insulin and growth
factors in most tissues of the body, but its role in insulin-producing β islet cells is unclear …