Tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine integrate information and technology
from various fields to restore/replace tissues and damaged organs for medical treatments …

Due to its low carbon footprint and environmental friendliness, polylactic acid (PLA) is one of
the most widely produced bioplastics in the world. Manufacturing attempts to partially …

Environmental problems, such as global warming and plastic pollution have forced
researchers to investigate alternatives for conventional plastics. Poly (lactic acid)(PLA), one …

Recently, thoughtful disagreements between scientists concerning environmental issues
including the use of renewable materials have enhanced universal awareness of the use of …

Rapid increment in fossil-derived single-use plastic disposal has led to human-made plastic
mountains and leading to ecological imbalance. Therefore, the development of alternative …

Biopolymers are mainly the polymers which are created or obtained from living creatures
such as plants and bacteria rather than petroleum, which has traditionally been the source of …

The goal of a biomaterial is to support the bone tissue regeneration process at the defect site
and eventually degrade in situ and get replaced with the newly generated bone tissue …

Additive manufacturing has attracted much attention in the last decade as a principal
growing sector of complex manufacturing. Precise layer-by-layer patterning of materials …

Social and economic development has driven considerable scientific and engineering
efforts on the discovery, development and utilization of polymers. Polylactic acid (PLA) is …

Bone is the second most commonly transplanted tissue worldwide, with over four million
operations using bone grafts or bone substitute materials annually to treat bone defects …