Immunotherapy has become a powerful clinical strategy for treating cancer. The number of
immunotherapy drug approvals has been increasing, with numerous treatments in clinical …

Macrophages, which have functions of engulfing and digesting foreign substances, can
clear away harmful matter, including cellular debris and tumor cells. Based on the condition …

Lethal hit delivery by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) towards B lymphoma cells occurs as a
binary,“yes/no” process. In non-hematologic solid tumors, however, CTL often fail to kill …

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown promise in hematologic
malignancies, but its application to solid tumors has been challenging,,–. Given the unique …

Infiltration of macrophages in solid tumours is associated with poor prognosis and correlates
with chemotherapy resistance in most cancers. In mouse models of cancer, macrophages …

Adoptive cell therapies (ACTs) have existed for decades. From the initial infusion of tumor-
infiltrating lymphocytes to the subsequent specific enhanced T cell receptor (TCR)-T and …

During wound injury, efferocytosis fills the macrophage with a metabolite load nearly equal
to the phagocyte itself. A timely question pertains to how metabolic phagocytic signaling …

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are synthetic receptors that reprogram T cells to kill
cancer. The success of CAR-T cell therapies highlights the promise of programmed …

Treatment of solid tumors with T cell therapy has yielded limited therapeutic benefits to date.
Although T cell therapy in combination with proinflammatory cytokines or immune …

Immunotherapy using PD-1 and CTLA4 inhibitors to stimulate T cell immunity has achieved
significant clinical success. However, only a portion of patients benefit from T cell-based …