γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid which naturally and widely occurs in
animals, plants, and microorganisms. As the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central …

In vivo fluorescence recording techniques have produced landmark discoveries in
neuroscience, providing insight into how single cell and circuit-level computations mediate …

The lateral septum (LS) is composed of heterogeneous cell types that are important for
various motivated behaviors. However, the transcriptional profiles, spatial arrangement …

Dopamine (DA) signal play pivotal roles in regulating motivated behaviors, including feeding
behavior, but the role of midbrain DA neurons in modulating food intake and neural circuitry …

Head-fixed behavioral experiments in rodents permit unparalleled experimental control,
precise measurement of behavior, and concurrent modulation and measurement of neural …

Stress alters the level of reward evaluation and seeking. However, the neural circuitry
mechanisms underlying stress induced effects on natural reward seeking remain unclear …

Background The gut derived anorexigenic hormone neurotensin (NT) is upregulated after
bariatric surgery which may contribute to the sustained weight loss. In contrast, diet-induced …

Chronic itch often clinically coexists with anxiety symptoms, creating a vicious cycle of itch-
anxiety comorbidities that are difficult to treat. However, the neuronal circuit mechanisms …

Depression is a highly prevalent and disabling mental disorder, involving numerous genetic
changes that are associated with abnormal functions in multiple regions of the brain …

Dopamine (DA) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter widely distributed in the central nervous
system. It participates in various physiological functions, such as feeding, anxiety, fear …