Abstract The Miocene epoch (23.03–5.33 Ma) was a time interval of global warmth, relative
to today. Continental configurations and mountain topography transitioned toward modern …

Whole-genome duplication (WGD) is characteristic of almost all fundamental lineages of
land plants. Unfortunately, the timings of WGD events are loosely constrained and …

INTRODUCTION Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most widely cultivated crop on Earth,
contributing about a fifth of the total calories consumed by humans. Consequently, wheat …

The origin of plants and their colonization of land fundamentally transformed the terrestrial
environment. Here we elucidate the basis of this formative episode in Earth history through …

Poaceae (the grasses) includes rice, maize, wheat, and other crops, and is the most
economically important angiosperm family. Poaceae is also one of the largest plant families …

Based on recent molecular and morphological studies we present a modern worldwide
phylogenetic classification of the±12074 grasses and place the 771 grass genera into 12 …

Poaceae (the grasses) is arguably the most successful plant family, in terms of its global
occurrence in (almost) all ecosystems with angiosperms, its ecological dominance in many …

Fifty years ago, the C4 photosynthetic pathway was first characterized. In the subsequent
five decades, much has been learned about C4 plants, such that it is now possible to place …

Grasses are widespread on every continent and are found in all terrestrial biomes. The
dominance and spread of grasses and grassland ecosystems have led to significant …

Adaptation to cool climates has occurred several times in different angiosperm groups.
Among them, Pooideae, the largest grass subfamily with∼ 3,900 species including wheat …