Resistance to therapeutic treatment and metastatic progression jointly determine a fatal
outcome of cancer. Cancer metastasis and therapeutic resistance are traditionally studied as …

A variety of targeted anticancer agents have been successfully introduced into clinical
practice, largely reflecting their ability to inhibit specific molecular alterations that are …

DNA is vulnerable to damage resulting from endogenous metabolites, environmental and
dietary carcinogens, some anti-inflammatory drugs, and genotoxic cancer therapeutics …

Autophagy is an important homeostatic cellular recycling mechanism responsible for
degrading unnecessary or dysfunctional cellular organelles and proteins in all living cells …

Macroautophagy (autophagy) is a lysosomal degradation pathway for the breakdown of
intracellular proteins and organelles. Although constitutive autophagy is a homeostatic …

Autophagy is the major intracellular degradation system, by which cytoplasmic materials are
delivered to and degraded in the lysosome. As a quality control mechanism for cytoplasmic …

The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is a prototypic survival pathway that is constitutively activated
in many types of cancer. Mechanisms for pathway activation include loss of tumor …

Abstract Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles are widely reported as a pH-
sensitive drug delivery carrier with high loading capacity for tumor therapy. However, the …

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) demonstrates significantly reduced patient survival with
metastatic progression. Tumor progression can be influenced by metabolism, including …

Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is one of the most
frequently disrupted tumor suppressors in cancer. The lipid phosphatase activity of PTEN …