▪ Abstract Theories of associative learning are concerned with the factors that govern
association formation when two stimuli are presented together. In this article we review the …

Causal judgment is assumed to play a central role in prediction, control, and explanation.
Here, we consider the function or functions that map contingency information concerning the …

Human beings are active agents who can think. To understand how thought serves action
requires understanding how people conceive of the relation between cause and effect …

We present a framework for the rational analysis of elemental causal induction—learning
about the existence of a relationship between a single cause and effect—based upon causal …

How humans infer causation from covariation has been the subject of a vigorous debate,
most recently between the computational causal power account (PW Cheng, 1997) and …

The concordance between performance and judgements of the causal effectiveness of an
instrumental action suggests that such actions are mediated by causal knowledge. Although …

The authors empirically evaluate PW Cheng's (see record 1997-03612-007) power PC
theory of causal induction. They reanalyze some published data taken to support the theory …

In this article, 41 models of covariation detection from 2× 2 contingency tables were
evaluated against past data in the literature and against data from new experiments. A new …

The perception of the effectiveness of instrumental actions is influenced by depressed mood.
Depressive realism (DR) is the claim that depressed people are particularly accurate in …

In one form of a contingency judgement task individuals must judge the relationship
between an action and an outcome. There are reports that depressed individuals are more …