Human beings have been credited with unparalleled capabilities for digital prehension
grasping. However, grasping behaviour is widespread among tetrapods. The propensity to …

The main aim of the present work is to synthesize the information obtained from our
dissections of the pectoral and forelimb muscles of representative members of the major …

The Vertebrata is one of the most speciose groups of animals, comprising more than 58,000
living species. This book provides a detailed account on the comparative anatomy …

The concept of the adaptive landscape has been invaluable to evolutionary biologists for
visualizing the dynamics of selection and adaptation, and is increasingly being used to study …

The forelimbs of nonavian theropod dinosaurs have been the subject of considerable study
and speculation due to their varied morphology and role in the evolution of flight. Although …

Among living turtles, highly terrestrial or highly aquatic modes of life are likely to have
developed from a plesiomorphic semi-aquatic one. A taxonomically comprehensive data set …

Chordates comprise lampreys, hagfishes, jawed fishes, and tetrapods, plus a variety of more
unfamiliar and crucially important non-vertebrate animal lineages, such as lancelets and sea …

Objective To characterise four different intramuscular (IM) anaesthetic protocols, two with
alfaxalone and two with alfaxalone in combination with medetomidine in terrestrial tortoises …

Skeletal muscle fibre architecture provides important insights into performance of vertebrate
locomotor and feeding behaviours. Chemical digestion and in situ sectioning of muscle …

The severity of the environment often influences animal cognition [1–6], as does the rate of
change within that environment [7–10]. Rapid alteration of habitat places limitations on basic …