Currently, metformin is the first-line medication to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in
most guidelines and is used daily by> 200 million patients. Surprisingly, the mechanisms …

Since the discovery of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as a central regulator of energy
homeostasis, many exciting insights into its structure, regulation and physiological roles …

AMPK is a highly conserved master regulator of metabolism, which restores energy balance
during metabolic stress both at the cellular and physiological levels. The identification of …

BACKGROUND Chromatin is the essential medium through which transcription factors,
signaling pathways, and other cues alter gene activity and cellular phenotypes. It assumes …

Mitochondria are not only the main energy supplier but are also the cell metabolic center
regulating multiple key metaborates that play pivotal roles in epigenetics regulation. These …

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) displays the unique capacity to generate heat through
uncoupled oxidative phosphorylation that makes it a very attractive therapeutic target for …

The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a central regulator of multiple metabolic
pathways and may have therapeutic importance for treating obesity, insulin resistance, type …

NRF2 (Nuclear factor E2 p45‐related factor 2) is a stress responsive transcription factor
lending cells resilience against oxidative, xenobiotic, and also nutrient or proteotoxic insults …

The ongoing obesity pandemic generates a constant need to develop new therapeutic
strategies to restore the energy balance. Therefore, the concept of activating brown adipose …

Obesity occurs when excess energy accumulates in white adipose tissue (WAT), whereas
brown adipose tissue (BAT), which is specialized in dissipating energy through …