Freeze-drying is the most widespread method to preserve protein drugs and vaccines in a
dry form facilitating their storage and transportation without the laborious and expensive cold …

Lyophilization has been used to improve the long-term stability of polymeric nanoparticles
for drug delivery applications, avoiding their instability in suspension. However, this …

Current therapy of tuberculosis (TB) has several limitations, such as risk of liver injury and
intestinal dysbiosis due to frequent oral administration of antibiotics. Transdermal …

The study presented is a comprehensive overview of commercial parenteral protein
formulations, approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA), 1995–2018. The …

Biopharmaceuticals are one of the fastest growing areas within the pharmaceutical industry.
As protein drugs require parenteral administration, they are commonly formulated as …

Given the successful entry of several liposomal drug products into market, and some with
decades of clinical efficacy, liposomal drug delivery systems have proven capabilities to …

Excipients form a major component of pharmaceutical formulations and are classified as any
ingredient other than the active ingredient which is included within the product formulation to …

Access to fast and reliable nucleic acid testing continues to play a key role in controlling the
COVID-19 pandemic, especially in the context of increased vaccine break-through risks due …

This paper presents a systematic review of a key sector of the much promising and rapidly
evolving field of biomedical engineering, specifically on the fabrication of three-dimensional …

Lyophilization is a pivotal manufacturing process to obtain a stable drug product that is
unstable as a ready-to-use formulation. Some formulations may require the addition of drug …