Obesity leads to chronic, systemic inflammation and can lead to insulin resistance (IR), β-cell
dysfunction, and ultimately type 2 diabetes (T2D). This chronic inflammatory state …

The accumulation of an excessive amount of body fat can cause type 2 diabetes, and the
risk of type 2 diabetes increases linearly with an increase in body mass index. Accordingly …

Insulin resistance, defined as a defect in insulin-mediated control of glucose metabolism in
tissues—prominently in muscle, fat and liver—is one of the earliest manifestations of a …

The incretin hormones glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐
like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) have their main physiological role in augmenting insulin secretion …

Obesity is becoming an epidemic in the United States and worldwide and increases risk for
many diseases, particularly insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular …

Adipose tissue plays essential roles in maintaining lipid and glucose homeostasis. To date
several types of adipose tissue have been identified, namely white, brown, and beige, that …

Obesity is one of the major health burdens of the 21st century as it contributes to the growing
prevalence of its related comorbidities, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes …

Several lines of preclinical and clinical research have confirmed that chronic low-grade
inflammation of adipose tissue is mechanistically linked to metabolic disease and organ …

Obesity usually is accompanied by inflammation of fat tissue, with a prominent role of
visceral fat. Chronic inflammation in obese fat tissue is of a lower grade than acute immune …

A mysterious feature of Crohn's disease (CD) is the extra-intestinal manifestation of"
creeping fat"(CrF), defined as expansion of mesenteric adipose tissue around the inflamed …