Small RNAs are short non-coding RNAs with a length ranging between 20 and 24
nucleotides. Of these, microRNAs (miRNAs) play a distinct role in plant development …

Cold stress has always been a significant limitation for plant development and causes
substantial decreases in crop yield. Some temperate plants, such as Arabidopsis, have the …

Young organisms have relatively strong resistance to diseases and adverse conditions.
When confronted with adversity, the process of development is delayed in plants. This …

Small, non-coding RNAs are a distinct class of regulatory RNAs in plants and animals that
control a variety of biological processes. In plants, several classes of small RNAs with …

Apart from water availability, low temperature is the most important environmental factor
limiting the productivity and geographical distribution of plants across the world. To cope …

Plants are constantly exposed to a variety of environmental stresses. Freezing or extremely
low temperature constitutes a key factor influencing plant growth, development and crop …

Plants constantly face a plethora of abiotic and biotic stresses in their natural habitat.
Adapting to such changes requires a great degree of phenotypic plasticity that is mainly …

Exposure to low temperatures is one of the most important plant abiotic stress factors. In this
review we describe the damages that chilling and/or freezing temperatures can cause to …

Since the publication of the third edition of the Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress,
continuous discoveries in the fields of plant and crop environmental stresses and their …

Drought, cold, high-salinity and heat are major abiotic stresses that severely reduce the yield
of food crops worldwide. Traditional plant breeding approaches to improve abiotic stress …