As technology has advanced, so have opportunities for language socialization and practice.
This reciprocal relationship has resulted in the emergence of a subfield of Computer …

CA Transcription Conventions (adapted from Jefferson, 2004)(period) falling
intonation?(question mark) rising intonation,(comma) continuing intonation (hyphen) abrupt …

This study examined factors that might have affected EFL learners' willingness to
communicate (WTC) in the extramural digital (ED) environment, a rapidly emerging L2 …

Contemporary young students in Asia and in the Nordic region are increasingly learning
English outside the classroom by using technology (aka Informal Digital Learning of English …

The majority of the world is multilingual, but inequitably multilingual, and much of the world
is also technologized, but inequitably so. Thus, researchers in the fields of computer …

This paper surveys language-related extra-curricular activities (ECA) attended by university
students in Canada and Russia. Very little information is available about ECA in both …

This study explored factors that have influenced Iranian English as a Foreign Language
(EFL) learners' willingness to communicate (WTC) in an extramural digital (ED) context, an …

In today's digital era, increasing numbers of youth around the world learn English outside
classrooms, frequently with the use of technology. This timely book brings together research …

In the last two decades, several studies have reported on the benefits of Content and
Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) on students' affective and cognitive gains. These …

In Computer-assisted language learning (CALL), the relationship between learner
background and classroom-based digital language learning has been widely studied; …