The transition from a fetus to a newborn is the most complex physiologic adaptation that
occurs in human experience. Before medicalization of delivery, the transition had to occur …

During the development of the pulmonary vasculature in the fetus, many structural and
functional changes occur to prepare the lung for the transition to air breathing. The …

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a syndrome of failed
circulatory adaptation at birth, seen in about 2/1000 live born infants. While it is mostly seen …

Cyclic guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cGMP) mediates a wide spectrum of physiologic
processes in multiple cell types within the cardiovascular system. Dysfunctional signaling at …

Background—Hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension is a major cause of morbidity and
mortality. Hypoxia induces pulmonary vasoconstriction, in part, by decreasing endothelial …

Hypoxia induces vasoconstriction, in part, by down-regulating endothelial cell nitric oxide
synthase (ecNOS) expression. Previous studies indicate that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl …

When the normal cardiopulmonary transition fails to occur, the result is persistent pulmonary
hypertension of the newborn. Severe persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn is …

Acute hypoxic vasoconstriction and development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension
(PHTN) are unique properties of the pulmonary circulation. The pulmonary endothelium …

In many types of cardiovascular pathophysiology such as hypercholesterolemia and
atherosclerosis, diabetes, cigarette smoking, or hypertension (with its sequelae stroke and …

Persistence of pulmonary hypertension leading to respiratory failure in the neonate has
been recognized for 40 years since its original description by Gersony and colleagues 1 in …