Plant cells biosynthesize primary cell walls (PCW) in all cells and produce secondary cell
walls (SCWs) in specific cell types that conduct water and/or provide mechanical support …

Lignin is a polymer of phenylpropanoid compounds formed through a complex biosynthesis
route, represented by a metabolic grid for which most of the genes involved have been …

Over the past two decades, research in forest tree genomics has lagged behind that of
model and agricultural systems. However, genomic research in forest trees is poised to enter …

Woody plants such as trees have a significant economic and climatic influence on global
economies and ecologies. This completely revised classic book is an up-to-date synthesis of …

Wood is the most important natural and endlessly renewable source of energy and therefore
has a major future role as an environmentally cost-effective alternative to burning fossils …

Insects select their hosts, but trees cannot select which herbivores will feed upon them.
Thus, as long‐lived stationary organisms, conifers must resist the onslaught of varying and …

Plants that contain high concentrations of the defense compounds of the phenylpropene
class (eugenol, chavicol, and their derivatives) have been recognized since antiquity as …

Trees are used to produce a variety of wood‐based products including timber, pulp and
paper. More recently, their use as a source of renewable energy has also been highlighted …

▪ Abstract Tree killing bark beetles and their vectored fungal pathogens are the most
destructive agents of conifer forests worldwide. Conifers defend against attack by the …

The 4-and 5-hydroxylations of phenolic compounds in plants are catalyzed by cytochrome
P450 enzymes. The 3-hydroxylation step leading to the formation of caffeic acid fromp …