The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of many different cellular and acellular
components that together drive tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and response to …

The development of neoplasia involves a complex and continuous interplay between
malignantly transformed cells and the tumour microenvironment (TME). Cancer …

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive form of primary brain tumor, for which effective
therapies are urgently needed. Cancer cells are capable of evading clearance by …

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the deadliest types of cancer and highly refractory to
chemoradiation and immunotherapy. One of the main reasons for this resistance to therapy …

Glioblastoma, the most aggressive primary brain cancer, has a dismal prognosis, yet
systemic treatment is limited to DNA-alkylating chemotherapies. New therapeutic strategies …

The discovery of both cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) and
programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) as negative regulators of antitumour immunity led to …

Resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a common predicament in cancer
immunotherapy, which requires urgent interventions. V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor …

Emerging evidence suggests that not only the frequency and composition of tumor-
infiltrating leukocytes but also their spatial organization might be a major determinant of …

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a functionally unique form of cell death that promotes a T-
cell-dependent anti-tumor immune response specific to antigens originating from dying …

The highly immunosuppressive and heterogeneous milieu of brain malignancies contributes
to their dismal prognosis. Regardless of their cellular origin, brain tumors grow in an …