A key unanswered question in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is how
systemic autoimmunity progresses to joint-specific inflammation. In patients with seropositive …

Abstract Peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD, EC 3.5. 3.15) enzymes catalyze the conversion
of protein‐bound arginine to citrulline. This post‐translational modification may have a big …

Objectives Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-specific anti-citrullinated protein/peptide antibodies
(ACPAs) appear before disease onset and are associated with bone destruction. We aimed …

Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and modifications to histone proteins
regulate high-order DNA structure and gene expression. Aberrant epigenetic mechanisms …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is now clearly a true autoimmune disease with accumulating
evidence of pathogenic disease‐specific autoimmunity to citrullinated proteins. Citrullination …

Peptidylarginine deiminases are a family of enzymes that mediate post-translational
modifications of protein arginine residues by deimination or demethylimination to produce …

IgG antifilaggrin autoantibodies (AFA) are the most specific serological markers of
rheumatoid arthritis. In epithelial tissues, they recognize citrulline-bearing epitopes present …

Posttranslational modifications are chemical changes to proteins that take place after
synthesis. One such modification, peptidylarginine to peptidylcitrulline conversion, catalysed …

Objective To map the antibody response to human citrullinated α‐enolase, a candidate
autoantigen in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to examine cross‐reactivity with bacterial …

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated neurological disorder, characterized by
central nervous system (CNS) inflammation, oligodendrocyte loss, demyelination, and …